توضیحات
Historically, the development of power systems has been a trade-off between economic considerations and technical requirements. While the electrical industry strives towards sustainability and economic performance, there are still many technical consideration that must be accounted for in this endeavor among them the need for security and reliability of the operation. As demand for electricity grows and power systems continue to develop, the challenge of maintaining a secure and reliable network while economically operating the system becomes increasingly more complex where it is becoming apparent more than ever that the use of alternative sources other than traditional sources of electricity such as coal, gas and oil may be necessary. This is especially emphasized by the growing concerns over climate change and the effects of emissions that are produced in the energy sector that have dominated the landscape of global debate over the last decades .
The result has been a growing interest in technologies that harness the potential of alternative resources such as wind, photovoltaic, or other renewable sources. Meanwhile, as incentives for integration of renewables continue to rise, technologies that pertain to the storage of electricity have also attracted much interest. This is due to the high potential of these technologies to allow better utilization of the existing power infrastructure and also enhance the ability of renewable to penetrate the infrastructure of power systems around the globe.
Electrical storage refers to a wide arrays of technologies using either thermal or electrical output to store the energy that can be produced at times of low demand to be later used at peak time. Meanwhile, storage systems are able to improve security of the power systems and also decrease the emission levels within those systems through:
• Increasing the efficiency of resources used;
• Assisting in renewable sources integration;
• Enhancing production capability and improving consumption models; and
• Improving the security and reliability of the networks by provision of ancillary services.
The above demonstrates the importance that can be placed on the shoulder of storage technologies for future enhancement of power systems and, while some technologies have already reached the point of maturity, there is much research and development efforts still required to develop and mature other technologies that can contribute to this field. However, since most technologies have yet to reach a point of economic viability, it is required for governments and institutions to step in and support the development of storage technologies and, in doing so, facilitate the realization of future grids promising sustainability and clean electricity.
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